Rison traver



(No Model.) I

J. WEEKS & H. TRAVER.

HYDRAULIG JACK.

No. 330,759. Patented Nov. 17, 1885.

- INVENTOR:

W nf J WITNESSES $40 ATTORNEYS.

TATES JOHN WEEKS, OF NEW YORK, AND

ASSIGNORS TO RICHARD DUDGEON, OF NEWV YORK, N.'Y.

HYDRAULIC JACK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,759, dated November 1'7, 1885. Application filed September- 26, 1884. Serial No. 144,053. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OHN WEEKS, of the city, county, and State of New York, and HAR- RIsoN TRAVER, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks, of which the following is a full, clear, and. exact description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l isa sectional side elevation of one of our improved hydraulic jacks. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan viewof the head, taken through the broken line x mm, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken through the broken line y y y y, Fig. 1, looking upward. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of the stem of the lower valve.

The object of this invention is to simplify,

and cheapen the construction of hydraulic jacks, promote convenience in repairing the said jacks, and increase their durability.

The invention relates to a hydraulic jack made with a bearing in its head for the support and guidance of the upper end of the piston-rod,whereby it is made to move in right lines with the bore of the pump. The upper end of the piston'rod which slides in the bearing in the head of the jack is made with an aperture to receive the inner end of an arm attached to the fulcrum-pin of the lever, whereby the said piston will be moved back and forth through the pump by operating the said lever. The piston is made with a longitudinal perforation closed at its lower end by a valve, and with transverse perforations connected with the said longitudinal perforation, Whereby the liquid can be made to pass from or into the reservoir by varying the length of downward movement of the said piston. The upper end of the pump is countersunk to receive the packing, which may be a U shaped packing, as shown, or any other suitable packing, and the gland which rests against a shoulder formed in the inner surface of the ram,whereby the said piston will be securely packed, and the packing can be readily removed. To the lower ends .of the pump and the ram is secured apaeking by means of a ring held from turning by a pin, and held in place by a nut, whereby the packing can be readily applied to the said pump and ram. The pin also prevents the packing-ring and the packing itself from turning when the load on the head of the jack is swiveled horizontally or otherwise on the jack. The head of the jack is provided with a downwardly -projecting adjustable screw-plugfor the head of the piston to strike against to limit-the upward movement of the said piston, and which being screwed back will allow the piston to rise so far that the crank-arm on the lever-shaft may be disengaged from the upper end of the piston and the piston allowed to drop or be pulled out of the ram, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

A represents the base of the hollow cylinder B in which the ram 0 works. D is the pump,

which is'screwed into the lower end of the ram 0, and projects below the said lower end of the rain. The projecting lower end of the pump D is rabbeted to form a seat for the packing E, .which is secured in place by the ring I and the nut G, screwed upon the rabbeted lower endof the pump D. The ring F and the pump D are held from being turned by the friction of the nut G, when the nut G is being screwed onto its place, ,by a pin, H, passing through the ring F, the packing E, and into a hole in the joint between the pump D and the ram 0, as shown in Fig. 1, the said pin being held in place by the said nut G; and, as before stated, this pin H prevents the packing and the ring F and nut G from turning and getting loose by reason of the friction of the packing on the sides of the cylinder B when the load on the head of the jack is being swiveledvhorizontally on the jack, which is frequently desirable, and it also prevents the pump D from turning relative to the ram 0. Into a' short threaded recess in the lower end of the pumpD is screwed a cup, I,which hasa number of holes in its bottom for the passage of the'water or other liquid used in the jack. g

Withinthe perforated screw-cup I is placed a small spring, J, preferably a spiral spring, uponthe upper end of which rests the valve K. i The stem L of the valve K passes from the cup I through the aperture M to the interior of the pump D, and is made triangular in form,so that it will not obstruct the passage of the liquid through the said aperture, and the upper end of the stem extends a short distance into the chamber of the pump. The upper end of the pump D is countersunk to form a stuffing-box, N, to receive the packingring 0, which, as shown in the drawings, is made in U shape. It is secured in the stuffing-box N by a gland, P, which rests against a shoulder, Q, formed in the inner surface of the ram 0. Theinterior of the pump D, from its lower end to or near the packing O, is of greater diameter than that of the piston, so that the liquid can have free passage up the sides of the piston,between it and the pump,to

connect with the tranverse perforations, as hereinafter set forth.

Into a threaded recess in the lower end of the piston R is screwed a cup, S, similar to the cup I, the bottom of which is perforated for the passage of the liquid,and which is designed to prevent the valve T from dropping out of place. The valve T closes the lower end of a longitudinal perforation, U, formed in the lower part of the piston R, and into which lead two transverse perforations, V W. These may extend entirely across the piston, as shown, or connect with the perforation U from one side of the piston only, as desired. The lower perforation, V, is made in such a position that its ends will not come into connection with the upper end of the enlarged pumpchamber when the ram 0 is being pumped upward, and will be in such connection when the ram is to be lowered and the liquid returned to its reservoir Y. The upper perforation, W, is always above the gland P. The upper end of the piston-rod It extends into the head Z upon the upper end of the ram 0, and has formed upon it, or is attached to, a head, a, which slides in a bearing, 1), located within the head Z, and suitably supported therein, preferably by webs extending from the inside of the head. The head a has an aperture formed through it to receive the inner end of the arm a, the outer end of which has a square hole formed through it to receive the squared part of the fulcrum-pin d. The fulcrunrpin d is journaled in bearings in the head Z, and with its outer end is connected the lever e, by means of which the jack is operated.

It is obvious that other means of engagement between the arm 0 and the u'pperend of the piston B may be employedfor instance, the arm a may be slotted longitudinally and a pin from the piston-rod work in the slot, the end of the slot being open toallow the pin to move out therefrom when desiring to drop the piston out of the jack,necessitating disconnection of the piston from the arm 0. The upward movement of the piston R is limited by an adjustable plug, f, screwed into a threaded hole in the top of the head Z, and projecting downward into the interior of the said head.

This plug can be adjusted to regulate the length of the pumpingstroke by running it more or less into the interior of the head Z, and by running it back sufficiently far the pistonrod may be lifted until the piston frees itself from the crank-arm c, that aim being tipped upwardly and backwardly by the lever 6, thus allowing the piston to be taken out of the ram. The lever 6 cannot be employed to force the piston down until the arm 0 is released, because the stop, always placed on the outside of the head of the jack to limit the downstroke, will preventits being forced sufficiently far to effect this end.

The operation is as follows: When the piston R is raised by the upward movement of the free end of the lever e, the valve T opens and the liquid from the reservoir flows through the passages \V U into the pump-chamber. When the piston is forced downward by the downward movement of the free end of the lever e, the liquid in the pump-chamber closes the valve T, forces open the valve K against the stress of the spring J, is forced into the lower part of the hollow cylinder B, and forces the ram 0 upward. As the piston R isagain raised the valveK closes,bcing pressed upward by the spring J, and by the pressure of the liquid and the valve T opens to again admit the liquid from the reservoir Yinto the pumpchamber, and so on until the ram has been forced upward to the desired height. When the ram is to be lowered, the lever e is, as usual in hydraulicjacks, reversed to allow it to have a farther downward movement and allow it to force the piston R farther downward, bringing the screw-cup S into contact with the top of the stem L of the valve K, and forcing the said valve K open. This farther downward movement of the piston R brings the ends of the perforation V into the enlarged chamber of the pump D, and the liquid is forced up by the weight of the ram 0 into the reservoir Y, passing first through the valve K, thence upward by the sides of the stem of the valve K into the pump-chamber, thence through the enlarged part of the pump by the sides of the plunger, thence through the passagesV U W, and thus to the reservoir.

We do not-herein claim the combination,

with the pump and the ram, of the packing,

the ring, the pin, and the nut, said pin passing through the packing and the ring and entering the ram, substantially as described, but we have made the same the subject-matter of a separate application for Letters Patent filed October 20, 1885, bearing Serial No. 180,384.

Having thus described our invention, wha we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a hydraulic jack, the piston R, having a longitudinal perforation or channel, U, closed at its lower end by a valve, T, and the transverse perforations V W, connected with said longitudinal perforation, in combination with the ram 0, the pump-barrel D, having the enlarged piston-receiving chamber, and provided at the upper end of said enlarged chamber with the shoulders X X, the enlargement of said chamber having packing disposed to coincide with the perforations V of the piston, and gland P, arranged in the ram intermediately of the perforations V W, substantially as and for the purpose set'forth.

2. In a hydraulic jack, the combination, with the countersunk upper end of the pumpbarrel D, the piston R, and the ram 0, having shoulder Q, of the U-shaped ring-packing O and the gland P, substantially as herein'shown and described, whereby the said piston will be securely packed and the packing can be readily renewed, as set forth.

3. In a hydraulic jack, the combination of a bearing for supporting and guiding the upper end of the piston-rod, said bearing being located within the head of the jack and open at its upper and lowerisides, so that the end of the piston may pass freely through it, a piston, It, the upper end whereof is received within and supported and guided by the said bearing, and a lever, e,provided with a fulcrumpin, d. and arm 0, substantially as shown and described, whereby the piston will be made to move in lines coincident with the axis of the pump, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a hydraulic jack, the combination of a piston having a longitudinal liquid-passage therein, closed at its lower end by avalve, and transverse liquid-passages in the piston connecting the longitudinal passage with the exterior of the piston above the valve, and a pump, the chamber whereof is of greater diameter than that of the piston, and a packing for the piston, the transverse passages being located in the piston at such points that when the ram is being pumped up neither of the passages connects with the chamber of the pump, but when the piston is depressed to the end of its downstroke then the lower transverse passage will connect with the chamber of the pump and the upper transverse passage with the reservoir of the jack, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a hydraulic jack, a plunger provided with a longitudinal liquidpassage closed at its lower end by a valve, and transverse liquid-passages connecting with the longitudinal passage, said transverse passages not connecting with the pump-chamber during the pumping-up operation, an enlarged pump-chamber, so that the liquid can pass upwardly between the lower end of the piston and the sides of the enlarged pump chamber, and a lower downwardly-opening valve located in the base of the pump-chamber provided with a stem which projects upwardly into the pump'chamher, as and for the purposes set forth.

JOHN WEEKS. HARRISON TBAVER. 

